MANAGEMENT of North Central and
Northeastern Forests for
NONGAME BIRDS

In May, 1975, a symposium was conducted in Tucson, Arizona, on the management
of forest and range habitats for nongame birds.  That landmark meeting brought
together avian ecologists and resource managers.  It was widely agreed that 
both groups benefited each other, and that a series of regional workshops should
be held.  The objective of the series would be to insure that nongame bird habitat
requirements are considered in significant land management practices, and that a
diversity of natural biological communities are maintained.


To that end, the National Nongame Bird Steering Committee was formed to sponsor
regional workshops to present the state-of-the-art of nongame bird research and
management in various ecoregions of the United States.  The first workshop in the
series was held in Portland, Oregon, February 7-9, 1977, entitled, "Nongame Bird
Habitat Management in the Coniferous Forests of the Western United States."

A second workshop in the series, "Management of Southern Forests for Nongame Birds"
held January 24-26, 1978 in Atlanta, Georgia, presented bird habitat research 
results and management techniques for all major habitat types in the southern
and southeastern United States.  This third workshop is jointly hosted by the
USDA-Forest Service -- the Eastern Region; and the Northeastern Area, State and 
Private Forestry; and the Northeastern Forest Experiment Station; and the Northcentral
Forest Experiment Station.

The Forest Service was joined by the National Nongame Bird Steering Committee in 
sponsoring this workshop.  Its members include:

Forest Service, USDA
Soil Conservation Service, USDA
Fish and Wildlife Service, USDI
Bureau of Land Management, USDI
National Wildlife Federation
The Wildlife Society
Wildlife Management Institute
National Audubon Society
International Association of Wildlife Conservation Agencies

TABLE OF CONTENTS

	Introduction
	Birds In Forest Ecosystems Keynote Address: Management of northcentral and northeastern forests for nongame birds William E. Towell The importance of birds in forest communities Richard L. Plunkett Habitat structure, succession, and bira communities Stanley H. Anderson Northeastern and north-central forest types and their management Lewis F. Ohmann
	Nongame Bird Habitat Management The effects of changes in habitat on northern hardwood forest bird communities Barry R. Noon, Verner P. Bingman, and J. Paige Noon Lowland hardwood bird communities Fred B. Samson Avian communities and management guidelines of the aspen-birch forests Gary N. Back Oak forest bird communities John R. Probst Management of northeastern pine forests for nongame birds David E. Capen Effects of silvicultural practices on bird communities in upland spruce-fir stands Hewlette S. Crawford and Richard W. Titterington Bird communities associated with succession and management of lowland conifer forests Deanna K. Dawson The ecology and management of avian communities in mixed hardwood-conifersous forests Stanley A. Temple, Michael J. Mossman, and Bruce Ambuel Avian communities: approaches to describing their habitat association Gerald J. Niemi and Lee Pfanmuller The importance of wetlands in the northcentral and northeast United States to nongame birds Mary C. Landin Birds of upland openings Charlotte M. Taylor and William E. Taylor Effect of forest fragmentation on bird populations Chandler S. Robbins
	Specialized Habitat Considerations for Nongame Birds Snag management Keith E. Evans and Richard N. Conner Raptor management and rehabilitation Patrick T. Redig Compilation of avian information in computerized data storage and retrieval systems of the northcentral and northeastern United States Thomas W. Hoekstra and Charles T. Cushwa
	Programs in Nongame Bird Habitat Management Nongame bird habitat management in New Jersey forests Joan M. Galli Nongame bird conservation programs in Minnesota Carroll L. Henderson Missouri's nongame programs John E. Wylie The role of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in managing nongame birds Stanley H. Anderson Nongame bird management on the National Forests in the Eastern Region, USDA Forest Service Karl P. Siderits Soil Conservation Service programs in nongame bird habitat management David N. Allen and Charles V. Bohart Forests and wildlife in northern Michigan in the past as compared to 1970-1978 Lawrence H. Walkinshaw

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